Emergencies

Japan is located along the Ring of Fire, an area in the Pacific Ocean known for its high seismic activity. This means earthquakes are relatively frequent, and tsunamis can occur as a result of underwater earthquakes. While Japan is well-prepared and has strict building codes, it’s essential to know what to do if you’re caught in an emergency.

Emergency Contacts in Japan

Japan has a well-established emergency system, and it’s important to know how to get in touch with the right people if you need help.

Important Emergency Numbers

• Fire & Ambulance: 119
• Police: 110
• Embassy: Contact your country's embassy for specific assistance during a natural disaster (in case of evacuation or consular services).
• Stay informed with the Japan Meteorological Agency for real-time updates on the state of natural disasters in Japan.

Japan Tourist Hotline

The Japan National Tourism Organization (JNTO) offers assistance to travellers, including information about emergencies or evacuation plans. You can contact them at 050-3816-2787.

Disaster Assistance

Local government offices and tourism centers offer assistance during major natural disasters. Keep the contact details of your hotel or hostel handy in case of evacuation or help.

Earthquake: What to Do

Before an Earthquake: Prepare

• Download an emergency app: Japan has one of the most advanced earthquake early warning systems in the world, like J-Alert system. Japan’s J-Alert system sends real-time alerts for earthquakes, tsunamis, and other emergencies. However you can also download apps like Yurekuru Call, NERV Disaster Prevention app or The App “Safety tips" to be sure you are informed on time. 
• Know the emergency exits in your accommodation (hotel or guesthouse) and evacuation routes.
• Secure your belongings: Ensure heavy furniture, televisions, or glassware is safely secured to avoid injury during the quake.

During an Earthquake: Immediate Actions

Drop, Cover, and Hold On

• Drop to your hands and knees to prevent being knocked over. 
• Cover your head and neck with your arms. If possible, take shelter under a sturdy table or desk.
• Hold On to your shelter until the shaking stops.

Stay Indoors

If you’re indoors, stay inside and away from windows, as glass can shatter during shaking.

If in an Elevator

• Press all floor buttons  - this increases the chance the elevator will stop at the nearest floor. 
• Hold the handrail, if there is one, and brace yourself for shaking.
• Do not try to exit between floors or force doors open.
• Exit the elevator as soon as it stops near a safe floor.
• Move away from the elevator and stay clear in case of aftershocks.
• Do not use the elevator again until it's declared safe.

If Trapped in an Elevator

• Use the emergency button or intercom to call for help.
• Do not attempt to escape on your own.
• Stay calm and wait for rescue - elevators are designed to remain structurally safe even if they stop.

If Outdoors

Move to an open area away from buildings, power lines, and trees. Drop to the ground and cover your head.

If in a Car

• Pull Over Safely: Gradually slow down and pull over to the left side of the road or a safe place away from buildings, bridges, trees, and utility poles. Avoid stopping under overpasses or in tunnels.
• Turn on Hazard Lights: This alerts other drivers that you're stopping due to an emergency.
• Stay in the Vehicle: Your car provides protection from falling debris. Stay inside with your seatbelt fastened until the shaking stops.
• Check Information and Updates: Tune in to a local AM/FM radio station for emergency information and updates. In Japan, NHK Radio often provides disaster coverage in multiple languages. You can also download the NHK app, which offers real-time updates on emergency situations. Additionally, you can check the websites of official institutions, such as the Japan Meteorological Agency, for the latest information.

After an Earthquake: Follow These Steps

• Check for injuries: If you or anyone around you is injured, seek medical help immediately.
• Stay calm and avoid using elevators in case of aftershocks.
• Listen to official announcements: Keep tuned to emergency broadcasts on TV, radio, or through your mobile phone.
• Expect aftershocks: Aftershocks are common, so remain alert for further shaking.

Tsunami: What to Do

Tsunamis are a potential risk following an underwater earthquake, particularly in coastal areas of Japan. These waves can travel at incredible speeds and impact coastal areas within minutes.

Before a Tsunami: Prepare

• Know evacuation routes: Most coastal areas have tsunami evacuation routes marked with signs. Familiarise yourself with these routes, especially if you’re near the coast.
• Warning System: Apps like Yurekuru Call, the NERV Disaster Prevention app, and “Safety tips" app provide tsunami alerts as well. Take some time to learn how these apps work and download at least one to stay informed in case of an emergency. The warning will be broadcast through sirens, TV, or your mobile phone. Japan’s early warning systems - such as the J-Alert system - also send real-time notifications for tsunamis.

During a Tsunami: Immediate Action

If Near the Coast

• Move to higher ground immediately. Tsunami waves can reach land quickly, and time is of the essence.
• Do not wait for official orders. If you feel an earthquake or hear the tsunami sirens, evacuate immediately.

Stay Away from Water

Stay far away from beaches, rivers, and bodies of water. Do not attempt to return to the beach until the authorities declare it safe.

If in a Building

Go to the highest possible floor or the roof of the building. If you're in a coastal hotel or guesthouse, follow the evacuation instructions.

After the Tsunami: Follow These Steps

• Wait for official announcements: Authorities will inform you when it’s safe to return to the affected area.
• Stay off the roads: If you're in a tsunami-hit area, roads may be damaged. Stay away from flooded areas to avoid being trapped.
• Be aware of afterwaves: A tsunami isn’t a one-time event. Multiple waves may come hours after the first.

Additional Tips for Emergencies

• Emergency Apps: Download apps like Yurekuru Call, NERV Disaster Prevention app, NHK World Japan, or The App “Safety tips" for real-time earthquake alerts and tsunami warnings.
• SIM Cards & Wi-Fi: Stay connected via portable Wi-Fi or SIM cards to receive updates and contact emergency services. For more information about the possibility of buying a SIM card, refer to our article on SIM cards.
• Emergency Kits: Consider carrying a small emergency kit that includes water, snacks, a flashlight, a portable charger, and important documents in case you’re stranded.